American conservative media personality Ben Shapiro speaks at an event in Tel Aviv, July 20, 2022 (Nadav Cohen Yonatan, GoLive)
Prof. Sam Lehman-Wilzig – Conservatism in Israel? In Judaism, Not If It’s Laissez-Faire
This past July, the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC), one of the most influential political organizations in the United States, held its inaugural Israeli conference (in addition to the Tikvah Fund that also has held a similar annual Conservative Conference during the last few years). In light of the Jewish halakhic ethos of social justice, concern for the poor, and many commandments of similar ilk (e.g., treating the stranger in our midst), such a socio-economic approach is highly ironic, if not outright paradoxical.
The Times of Israel reported back then (https://www.timesofisrael.com/ben-shapiro-draws-thousands-to-conservative-pro-trump-confab-in-tel-aviv/) that the CPAC was highly successful, if one measures “success” by being sold out (2,500 seats). Unsurprisingly, many attendees were American olim, bringing their political-ideological baggage along with their Aliyah. True, Conservatism is a longstanding and legitimate ideology – not to be confused with “reactionism” that seeks a return to some “idyllic” past. But if Conservatism stands for anything, it is respect for a nation’s particular culture and heritage. It is here that CPAC and others of similar sentiment miss the mark.
The CPAC conference focused on Israel’s foreign policy and socio-economic issues. At first, this meant Trump’s positive support for Israel, the need to be militarily strong, and so on. The Bible would seem to agree with the need for strong self-defense, given the number of wars (and accompanying commandments) found throughout – although there are clear instances where the Almighty warns that “discretion is the better part of valor” (e.g., Jeremiah, chapter 27, especially verses 12-13). Overall, though, Israel is continuing the Jewish tradition of strong self-defense, and even makes a heroic attempt to keep its moral bearings during warfare.
However, when one turns to Israel’s domestic issues, the modern Conservative approach should actually be the opposite of what CPAC and other conservative ideologues are pushing – for two reasons. First, conservatism stands for incremental reform, fully understanding that radical – not to mention revolutionary – change usually ends disastrously. If Israel’s socio-economic ideology and policy was Socialist from the start (even before the State’s establishment), then a sharp shift towards laissez-faire economics is patently unconservative. Indeed, “disaster” is precisely what happened when the Likud first came to power in 1977 and attempted a wholesale shift in economic policy. By 1983-84 Israel was suffering from 400% hyper-inflation (yes, 400%!), accompanied by the total collapse of its stock market and banking system.
The second problem is far deeper, as noted above: Jewish culture. Yes, we have had our Rothschilds, but they are the exceptions to Judaism’s historical approach of relative socio-economic equality. Examples abound in the Bible and thereafter: all land sales reverted back to the original owners every Jubilee (50-year period) in order to avoid landowning concentration; slaves were freed every seventh Shmitta year; many mitzvot were promulgated to protect the poor (e.g., paying salaries on time); charity for the down-and-out became de rigueur practice, with charity boxes in all synagogues and even a holiday commanding charity disbursement (Purim’s matanot le’evyonim), with another providing an exemplary charity narrative (Boaz commanding his workers to let Ruth glean wheat without obstacle); strangers were to be treated as kin, a la Ruth herself (directly contradicting today’s politically Conservative mantra to ban non-Jewish immigration); and so on.
As for “taxation,” here too the Bible was all in favor: tithes (20%) were paid to the Levites who served in the Temple; Israelite kings could commandeer all able-bodied men to serve in the army when necessary.
True, there was no conception of “Socialism” back then – but neither was there any idea of a laissez-faire, capitalistic market. What counted was its socio-economic ethos – clearly more in line with what we today call “Social Welfare” than “Laissez-Faire Capitalism.”
Interestingly, the star of CPAC was Ben Shapiro, a guiding light of American Jewish Conservatism. As he went through his usual “spiel” praising Republican foreign policy, denouncing left-wing “wokeness”, and pontificating on other cultural issues, the audience responded with enthusiastic applause. And then he arrived at Israeli socio-economic policy, as the ToI report noted: “Ben Shapiro did criticize Israel for its bureaucracy and obstacles to a free-market economy, drawing muted applause.”
It seems that the Israeli audience (despite the American contingent, still mostly sabras) understood something that American Conservatives don’t – or don’t want to – understand: Israel is not the U.S.; Israel has its own Jewish and Zionist socio-economic policy; Israel has already seen what the unfettered market economy can produce (economic catastrophe).
Not for nothing is Israel called the Jewish State. Conservatives of all national backgrounds (in Israel and overseas) would do well to apply their own “conservatism” to that overriding, central fact.
